Japan Coma Scale (JCS)
The usual criteria may not apply during sedation or when eye opening or speech is restricted.
| JCS | Observation |
|---|---|
| Clear consciousness | |
| 0 | Alert, with clear consciousness. |
| I · Awake without stimulation | |
| 1 | Oriented, but consciousness is not fully clear. |
| 2 | Disoriented to time, place or person. |
| 3 | Unable to state their own name or date of birth. |
| II · Temporarily arousable with stimulation | |
| 10 | Opens eyes readily when spoken to in a normal voice. |
| 20 | Opens eyes in response to a loud voice or shaking of the body. |
| 30 | Barely opens eyes with painful stimulation and repeated calling. |
| III · Not arousable with stimulation | |
| 100 | Makes movements to push away the painful stimulus. |
| 200 | Shows slight limb movements or grimacing in response to painful stimulation. |
| 300 | Shows no response to painful stimulation. |
How to read JCS · Methods and sources
Reading the scale
The 3-3-9 system groups consciousness into I (single-digit grades: awake without stimulation), II (two-digit grades: temporarily arousable with stimulation) and III (three-digit grades: not arousable with stimulation). Clear consciousness is grade 0.
Scope and limitations
This reference is intended for healthcare professionals observing consciousness. It does not provide a uniform assessment for sedation, intubation, aphasia, eyelid disorders, infants or other situations in which usual responses cannot be evaluated. It does not convert JCS to GCS, determine treatment, or automatically assign the supplementary R, I or A notation.
Method and sources
Based on the grading system published by Ohta and colleagues in 1975. Reference check date recorded for the original Japanese page: 2026-11-10.